Image Courtesy: Google Doodle
Elizabeth Blackwell (3 February 1821 – 31 May 1910) was a British physician, notable as the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States, and the first woman on the Medical Register of the General Medical Council for the United Kingdom. She immigrated to the US in her twenties and worked as a teacher to pay for her medical education. She eventually graduated from Geneva Medical College in New York in 1849.
Life and Career
She was born on 3 February 1821, in Bristol, England, to Samuel Blackwell, who was a sugar refiner, and his wife Hannah (Lane) Blackwell. In 1832, the family emigrated from Bristol, England, to New York because Samuel Blackwell had lost their most profitable sugar refinery to a fire. She worked as a teacher to pay for her medical education. She eventually graduated from Geneva Medical College in New York in 1849.
Blackwell faced significant obstacles and discrimination as a female physician in a male-dominated field. Despite this, she persevered and established the New York Infirmary for Women and Children in 1857 with her sister and another female physician. The infirmary was one of the first institutions in the US run by women for women’s health and it provided clinical experience for female medical students.
Blackwell also wrote several books, including her memoir Pioneer Work in Opening the Medical Profession to Women (1895). Through her work, she paved the way for future generations of women in medicine and was a tireless advocate for women’s rights and education. She is remembered today as a pioneer in the field of medicine and an important figure in the history of women’s rights in the US.
She died on 31 May 1910 at an age of 89.
Award and Legacy
Elizabeth Blackwell’s impact and legacy can be seen in several areas:
- Women in Medicine: Elizabeth Blackwell paved the way for women to enter the medical profession and was the first female physician in the United States. Her pioneering work helped to open up the field of medicine to women and paved the way for future generations of female physicians.
- Women’s Education: Blackwell was a strong advocate for women’s education and believed that women should have equal access to opportunities in all fields, including medicine. Through her work and writings, she inspired other women to pursue careers in medicine and other male-dominated fields.
- Women’s Rights: Blackwell was a pioneer in the women’s rights movement and her advocacy for women’s health, education and rights helped to bring attention to these issues in the 19th century.
- Healthcare Reform: In addition to her work as a physician, Blackwell was a reformer who sought to improve the quality of healthcare for all people, regardless of gender, race, or social status. Her establishment of the New York Infirmary for Women and Children was one of the first institutions in the US run by women for women’s health and it provided clinical experience for female medical students.
Overall, Elizabeth Blackwell is remembered as a trailblazer, an advocate for women’s rights, and a pioneering physician who paved the way for future generations of women in medicine. Her legacy continues to inspire and inform discussions about women’s health and education, and her work remains an important part of the history of women’s rights in the United States.
On 3 February 2018, Google Doodle celebrated Elizabeth Blackwell’s 197th Birthday.