India Enhances Disaster Risk Management Strategies
The Central Government of India is taking significant strides in disaster risk reduction, implementing a comprehensive approach that encompasses preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. Over the past decade, the country has made notable advancements in this area, utilizing innovative methods and technology, as well as fostering international cooperation. Key initiatives include the development of national plans, guidelines, and advanced tools aimed at enhancing resilience against disasters.
National Disaster Management Initiatives
In 2016, the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) introduced the first National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP), which was revised in 2019 to align with a ten-point agenda. This updated plan integrates various sectors, ministries, and departments at both central and state levels, clearly defining their roles in disaster risk reduction. Additionally, the NDMA has issued 38 guidelines addressing specific hazards and thematic issues, ensuring a structured approach to disaster management.
One of the significant innovations is the web-based Dynamic Composite Risk Atlas and Decision Support System (Web-DCRA & DSS), designed for cyclone risk mitigation and response planning. This tool has proven effective during recent cyclones, such as Biparjoy and Michaung. Furthermore, the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) has developed a Flood Hazard Atlas for flood-prone states, enhancing preparedness and response capabilities.
Technological Advancements in Disaster Management
The NDMA has also focused on leveraging technology to improve disaster response. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) plays a crucial role by providing accurate weather forecasts and warnings, particularly for cyclones. Utilizing a combination of satellite data, radar systems, and weather stations, the IMD monitors cyclone developments over the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea. This comprehensive monitoring system includes advanced tools like Doppler Weather Radars and Automatic Weather Stations.
In addition, several mobile applications, such as Damini and Mausam, have been developed to disseminate timely alerts to the public and farmers. The National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project (NCRMP) has established Early Warning Systems in coastal states, significantly aiding in alert dissemination during cyclones. The implementation of a Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) based Integrated Alert System ensures that geo-targeted alerts reach citizens across all states and union territories, utilizing various communication channels.
International Cooperation and Global Leadership
India is also taking a leadership role in global disaster risk reduction efforts. The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI), launched by the Prime Minister at the UN Climate Action Summit in 2019, has garnered support from 42 countries and several organizations. CDRI focuses on enhancing the resilience of infrastructure systems in small island developing countries and integrating disaster resilience into key development sectors.
During its G20 presidency, India established a working group on disaster risk reduction, identifying five priority areas for action. The government has actively engaged in regional cooperation through organizations like the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC), facilitating joint exercises and sharing best practices in disaster management.
Humanitarian Assistance and Future Directions
In addition to domestic efforts, India has extended humanitarian assistance to countries affected by disasters. Following the devastating earthquakes in Turkey and Syria in February 2023, India dispatched National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) teams and medical aid to support recovery efforts. This initiative reflects the government’s commitment to the principle of ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam,’ emphasizing global solidarity in times of crisis.
As stated by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs, Shri Nityanand Rai, these comprehensive measures underscore India’s dedication to enhancing disaster resilience and preparedness, both domestically and internationally. With ongoing advancements and collaborations, India aims to strengthen its disaster management framework and contribute to global efforts in disaster risk reduction.
Observer Voice is the one stop site for National, International news, Editor’s Choice, Art/culture contents, Quotes and much more. We also cover historical contents. Historical contents includes World History, Indian History, and what happened today. The website also covers Entertainment across the India and World.