Security Council Speakers Commend Syrian-Led Reforms and Call for Vigilance on Sectarian Tensions and Terrorism

Marking a significant milestone, the United Nations Security Council convened to discuss the progress and challenges faced by Syria one year after the fall of the Assad regime. Delegates emphasized the importance of a Syrian-led future, highlighting both the strides made in restoring state institutions and the ongoing threats posed by terrorism and sectarian violence. As the country grapples with a complex humanitarian crisis, international support remains crucial for its recovery and stability.

Progress Amidst Challenges

Joyce Msuya, the Assistant Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs, noted that the hope ignited a year ago continues to inspire the Syrian people. She emphasized the need for sustained international support as Syria navigates both opportunities and challenges. Msuya pointed out that success hinges on two key factors: reducing humanitarian needs and scaling back the size of UN operations in the country. Her office is working on a new cooperation framework with Syria, aiming to enhance efficiency and outreach. Despite funding cuts, they expect to reach 25% more people in 2025 than in 2024.

Rosemary DiCarlo, Under-Secretary-General for Political and Peacebuilding Affairs, echoed Msuya’s sentiments, acknowledging the progress made over the past year. The Syrian government has restored state institutions, unified armed factions under a single command, and formed a new Cabinet. Over one million refugees and nearly two million internally displaced persons have returned home, and several countries have lifted sanctions on Syria. However, DiCarlo cautioned that years of conflict and human rights violations have exacerbated sectarian tensions, leading to violence in various regions, including recent clashes in the coastal areas and the Druze-majority city of Swieda.

Humanitarian Crisis and Economic Struggles

Despite the progress, the humanitarian situation remains dire. Mariam Jalabi, a civil society leader, highlighted that over 90% of Syrians live below the poverty line. She urged the global community to continue its support, emphasizing that these statistics reflect real suffering and not just numbers. Jalabi condemned external violations of Syria’s sovereignty, particularly Israel’s occupation of the Golan Heights, and called for a united effort to address the ongoing issues of violence and displacement.

The Security Council members acknowledged the fragile gains made in Syria while stressing the need to overcome deep-seated sectarian divisions. Slovenia’s representative noted that while the fall of the Assad regime marked a turning point, rebuilding trust and unity will take time. Other delegates echoed this sentiment, emphasizing the importance of a nationwide reconciliation process that includes all voices, regardless of their background. They called for meaningful reforms in Syria’s security sector and the establishment of a new UN Special Envoy for Syria.

International Concerns and Regional Dynamics

The recent visit by the Security Council to Syria revealed immense humanitarian needs and physical devastation, particularly in Damascus. Delegates expressed concern over the resurgence of sectarian violence, which threatens the country’s political transition. Several representatives condemned Israel’s military operations in Syria, particularly the recent deadly incursion in Beit Jinn, which resulted in civilian casualties. They described these actions as violations of Syria’s sovereignty and called for accountability.

The United States and other nations reaffirmed their commitment to supporting the Syrian population while condemning terrorist attacks, including a recent ambush that killed U.S. troops. The U.S. has lifted many sanctions to aid Syria’s economic recovery. Meanwhile, Türkiye emphasized the need for a responsible foreign policy in Syria and called for enhanced international support to build effective security forces.

Calls for Accountability and Future Cooperation

In a robust exchange, representatives from Israel and Syria reiterated their positions on security and sovereignty. Israel’s delegate insisted on the need for a demilitarized zone to prevent terrorism, while Syria’s representative highlighted the government’s commitment to rule of law and accountability. He pointed to recent trials aimed at addressing past crimes and emphasized Syria’s cooperation in dismantling smuggling networks.

As the international community continues to navigate the complexities of Syria’s situation, the focus remains on fostering a peaceful and inclusive future. The discussions at the Security Council reflect a shared recognition of the need for a Syrian-led process that respects the country’s sovereignty while addressing the pressing humanitarian and security challenges it faces.

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