14 January in Indian and World History
14 January in Indian and World History is celebrated, observed, and remembered for various reasons. 14 January is the birth anniversary of Abul Fazal, Manguram, and Mahasweta Devi.
14 January is also observed as the death anniversary of Mathai Manjooran, and Hanumappa Muniappa Reddy.
Birth Anniversary on 14 January
14 January in Indian history is celebrated as the birth anniversary of the following personalities:
Abul Fazal, the second son of Sheikh Mubarak Nagori. He was very educated and learned and his scholarship was respected by the people. His nature was reclusive, so he liked solitude. Abul Fazl used to visit the dervishes at night, distribute Ashrafis among them, and ask them for their prayers for their religion. In 1602 AD Bundela king Vir Singhdev killed Abul Fazal at the instigation of Prince Salim. He was born on 14 January 1551.
Manguram (14 January 1886 – 22 April 1980) worked as a social reformer. His relations with the ‘Gadar Party’ also remained for some time. Manguram first opened a school in his village for the promotion of education among the untouchables named ‘Aad Dharma School’. Babu Manguram raised his voice against the ‘Land Alienation Act’ and the court recognized the Scheduled Caste people to buy agricultural land. He was born on 14 January 1886 in Hoshiarpur district, Punjab.
Mahasweta Devi (14 January 1926 – 28 July 2016), is an Indian social activist and writer. He enriched literature with novels and stories through very sensitive and thought-provoking writings in the Bengali language. Along with her writing work, Mahasweta Devi always actively participated in social service and was engaged in it wholeheartedly. Fighting for the rights of women, Dalits, and tribals, she struggled with the system and kept making way for them to facilitate justice. In 1996, he was awarded the ‘Jnanpith Award. Mahasweta Ji started writing at an early age and contributed significantly to various literary magazines with short stories. He was born on 14 January 1926 in Dhaka.
Read More: 12 January in Indian and World History
Death Anniversary on 14 January
14 January in Indian history is observed as the death anniversary of the following personalities:
Mathai Manjooran (13 October 1912 – 14 January 1970), was an Indian independence activist from Kerala, socialist revolutionary, founder of the Kerala Socialist Party, Member of Parliament, Minister of Labour (economics) in the second E.M.S. Namboodiripad communist ministry, and above all a proponent for the formation of the Kerala State.
Hanumappa Muniappa Reddy (12 June 1892 – 14 January 1960), known as H. M. Reddy, was an Indian film director and producer, known for his works in Telugu cinema. He directed the first Indian multilingual sound film Kalidas, shot in Telugu and Tamil. He then produced and directed the first full-length Telugu sound film, Bhakta Prahlada in 1932.
Read More: 13 January in Indian and World History
Notable events on 14 January in Indian and World History
14 January 1514 – Pope Leo X passed an edict against slavery.
14 January 1641 – The United East India Company conquered the city of Malacca.
14 January 1659 – Portugal defeated Spain in the Battle of Elvas.
14 January 1760 – French General Lally surrendered Pondicherry to the British.
14 January 1761 – The Third Battle of Panipat took place in India between the Maratha rulers and Ahmad Shah Durrani.
14 January 1862 – Carrie Derick, a Canadian botanist and geneticist, was born.
14 January 1874 – Johann Philipp Reis, a self-taught German scientist, died.
14 January 1875 – Albert Schweitzer, an Alsatian polymath, and Nobel Prize Laureate, was born.
14 January 1893 – Justicia Espada Acuña, a Chilean civil engineer, geologist, and explorer, was born.
14 January 1907 – Jamaica earthquake devastated the city of Kingston and killed more than 900 people.
14 January 1918 – Former French Prime Minister Joseph Calleaux was arrested on charges of treason.
14 January 1920 – Chava Flores, a Mexican composer and singer, was born.
14 January 1950 – Muhammad Said formed the government in Iran.
14 January 1954 – Jagadguru Kripalu Maharaj gave a speech in front of more than 500 Hindu scholars for 7 days. He was elected the fifth Jagadguru.
14 January 1955 – Hubert Cecil Booth – an English engineer, best known for having invented one of the first powered vacuum cleaners – died.
14 January 1966 – Indonesia closed its mission at the League of Nations.
14 January 1969 – the southern state of Madras in India was renamed Tamil Nadu.
14 January 1974 – The World Football League was established.
14 January 1975 – The Soviet Union terminated the trade agreement with the US.
14 January 1986 – The constitution came into force in the Central American country of Guatemala.
14 January 1989 – After twelve years, the Kumbh Mela started in Allahabad.
14 January 1994 – Ukraine, Russia, and the United States signed an agreement to reduce nuclear weapons in Moscow.
14 January 1999 – India’s first state-of-the-art ‘Air Transport Complex’, Delhi was dedicated to the nation.
14 January 2000 – Computer king Bill Gates handed over the world’s largest computer software company to Steve Walmer.
14 January 2007 – The interim constitution of Nepal was approved.
14 January 2009 – The government announced to allow 100% foreign investment from facsimile (copy) editions of foreign papers.
14 January 2009 – Jan Kaplický, a Czech architect who spent a significant part of his life in the United Kingdom, died.
14 January 2016 – Alan Rickman – an English actor and director – died.
14 January Historical Significance
January 14 has been a significant date throughout history, marked by a variety of important events. On this day in 1784, the United States ratified the Treaty of Paris, officially ending the American Revolutionary War and recognizing American independence from Britain. In 1954, Marilyn Monroe famously married baseball legend Joe DiMaggio in San Francisco. Additionally, January 14, 1967, saw the first Human Be-In event in San Francisco, which was a prelude to the Summer of Love and a pivotal moment in the 1960s counterculture movement. Another significant event on this day occurred in 1973, when Elvis Presley performed his “Aloha from Hawaii” concert, which was the first concert to be broadcast live via satellite, reaching a global audience and showcasing the power of satellite technology. These events highlight the diverse historical significance of January 14, reflecting its impact on political, cultural, and technological developments.
Important Days of 14 January in History
Makar Sankranti: This Hindu festival marks the transition of the sun into the zodiac sign of Capricorn (Makara). It signifies the end of the winter solstice and the beginning of longer days. Makar Sankranti is celebrated with various customs such as kite flying, bonfires, feasts, and giving to charity, especially in India and Nepal.
Pongal: In Tamil Nadu, India, this day is celebrated as Pongal, a four-day harvest festival. The main day of Pongal falls on January 14 and involves cooking a special dish of the same name, made from newly harvested rice, milk, and jaggery. The festival is a way of thanking the Sun God and farm animals for the bountiful harvest.
Maghi: In Punjab, the day following Lohri is celebrated as Maghi. It commemorates the martyrdom of the “Chali Mukte” (Forty Liberated Ones), who sacrificed their lives fighting against the Mughal Empire. Devotees take a holy dip in rivers and visit gurdwaras to offer prayers.
Army Day (Nigeria): In Nigeria, January 14 is observed as Army Day. It honors the establishment of the Nigerian Army and recognizes the contributions and sacrifices of its personnel.
World Logic Day: is observed every year on 14 January. Its aim is to raise awareness of the intellectual history, conceptual importance, and practical implications of logic among interdisciplinary science communities.
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