Government Provides Support to Youth Organisations for Skill Building
The Government of India is intensifying its efforts to enhance the employability of the nation’s youth through the Skill India Mission (SIM). The Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) is spearheading this initiative by providing skill training across various sectors via an extensive network of skill development centers. Key programs such as the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), Jan Sikhshan Sansthan (JSS), and the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) are central to this mission, aiming to equip young individuals with industry-relevant skills and prepare them for future job markets.
Skill Development Initiatives
The Skill India Mission is designed to prepare the youth of India for the future by providing them with essential skills that align with industry demands. The government allocates substantial funds for training programs under various schemes, ensuring that the training is tailored to meet market needs. For instance, the PMKVY scheme has been allocated over ₹11,429 crores for the period from 2015 to 2025, while the NAPS scheme has received ₹1,823 crores from 2018 to 2025. Additionally, the JSS scheme has been granted ₹873.94 crores during the same timeframe. These funds are directed to implementing agencies and NGOs to cover training costs and support apprenticeships.
The administration of Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) falls under the jurisdiction of state governments and Union Territory administrations, which manage the day-to-day operations and financial oversight. This decentralized approach allows for tailored training programs that cater to local industry requirements, enhancing the overall effectiveness of the skill development initiatives.
Aligning Skills with Industry Needs
To ensure that the skills imparted to trainees are relevant and effective, the MSDE has implemented several strategic measures. The establishment of the National Council for Vocational Education and Training (NCVET) serves as a regulatory body that sets standards and regulations for Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET). Recognized awarding bodies are tasked with developing qualifications that meet industry demands and aligning them with the National Classification of Occupations.
Moreover, 36 Sector Skill Councils (SSCs) have been formed, led by industry experts, to identify skill development needs and establish competency standards. The Directorate General of Training (DGT) is also implementing innovative training approaches, such as the Flexi MoU Scheme and Dual System of Training, which provide practical training opportunities in industrial environments. These initiatives are crucial for ensuring that the workforce is equipped with the skills necessary for emerging technologies and industry trends.
Impact and Evaluation of Skill Development Programs
The effectiveness of the skill development schemes is assessed through independent evaluations. A study conducted by NITI Aayog in October 2020 revealed that approximately 94% of employers expressed a willingness to hire candidates trained under the PMKVY scheme. Furthermore, 52% of the candidates who completed the training reported receiving higher salaries compared to their untrained peers.
The JSS scheme has also shown promising results, with evaluations indicating that it has nearly doubled the household income of beneficiaries who secured employment or became self-employed after training. The NAPS scheme has successfully improved youth employability by providing structured on-the-job training, while ITI graduates have reported a 63.5% employment rate, with a portion of them being self-employed.
The Minister of State for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, Shri Jayant Chaudhary, provided this information in a written response in the Lok Sabha, highlighting the government’s commitment to enhancing the skill sets of the youth and improving their employment prospects.
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