E20 Petrol Controversy: Government References Data for 23 Crore Vehicles, Claims ‘No Verified Evidence’ of Engine Failures
Amid discussions surrounding E20 petrol, the Indian government has stated that there is no confirmed evidence linking ethanol-blended petrol to widespread engine failures or vehicle breakdowns. Minister of State for Petroleum and Natural Gas Suresh Gopi highlighted that over 23 crore vehicles, including more than 20 crore two-wheelers and over 3 crore petrol cars, have been operating on these fuels without verified reports of significant issues.
The minister addressed the Rajya Sabha, emphasizing that the transition to E20 fuel has been gradual and based on scientific evaluations. The ethanol blending rate has increased from 1.53% in 2013-14 to a planned 20% by 2025-26, with each increase supported by detailed studies conducted in collaboration with various stakeholders, including NITI Aayog and the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI).
The assessment process for ethanol blending included laboratory tests and field trials that evaluated engine durability, fuel systems, and overall vehicle performance. Gopi noted that service records from vehicle manufacturers support the government’s findings. For instance, one major four-wheeler manufacturer serviced 2.84 crore vehicles in FY 2025-26, including 1.5 crore older, non-E20-certified vehicles, without reporting damage linked to E20 fuel. Similarly, a leading two-wheeler manufacturer found no significant increase in damage among vehicles using E20 compared to previous fuel blends.
Regarding fuel economy, the government acknowledged that mileage can be affected by various factors, such as driving conditions and vehicle maintenance. It stated that any reduction in fuel economy for older E10-designed vehicles is typically limited to 3-5%. E20, on the other hand, offers a higher octane rating and improved combustion characteristics. The minister also confirmed that there is currently no decision to increase ethanol blending beyond 20%. Future decisions will depend on further scientific studies and consultations with stakeholders, including automobile manufacturers and research institutions. The government clarified that there is no proposal to mandate the availability of non-blended or lower-blend petrol at select retail outlets.
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