India’s LWE Strategy Cuts Violence by 81%
The Indian government has made significant strides in combating Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) since the introduction of the “National Policy and Action Plan to address LWE” in 2015. This comprehensive strategy combines security measures, development initiatives, and community rights to tackle the issue holistically. Recent statistics reveal a dramatic reduction in LWE-related violence and fatalities, showcasing the effectiveness of these efforts.
Robust Security Measures Implemented
To enhance security in LWE-affected regions, the Government of India (GoI) has provided substantial support to state police forces. This includes deploying Central Armed Police battalions, offering training, and modernizing state police equipment. The government has also focused on intelligence sharing and constructing fortified police stations to bolster local law enforcement capabilities.
Under the Security Related Expenditure (SRE) Scheme, the government has allocated ₹3,260.37 crore from 2014-15 to 2024-25. This funding covers operational and training expenses for security forces, rehabilitation of surrendered LWE cadres, and community policing initiatives. Additionally, the Special Infrastructure Scheme (SIS) has sanctioned ₹1,741 crore to strengthen state intelligence branches and district police forces, resulting in the construction of 621 fortified police stations.
Moreover, the Assistance to Central Agencies for LWE Management (ACALWEM) Scheme has provided ₹1,120.32 crore for critical infrastructure improvements in security camps within LWE-affected areas. These measures collectively aim to create a safer environment for local communities and reduce the influence of extremist groups.
Development Initiatives Transforming Affected Areas
Alongside security enhancements, the GoI has launched various development initiatives in LWE-affected states, focusing on infrastructure, telecommunications, and education. A total of 14,607 kilometers of roads have been constructed to improve connectivity, while 7,768 telecom towers have been installed to enhance communication in remote areas.
In terms of skill development, the government has established 46 Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) and 49 Skill Development Centres (SDCs) to empower local youth. Furthermore, 178 Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRSs) have been set up to provide quality education in tribal regions. Financial inclusion efforts have also been prioritized, with 5,731 post offices offering banking services, alongside the opening of 1,007 bank branches and 937 ATMs in LWE-affected districts.
To address critical gaps in public infrastructure, the Special Central Assistance (SCA) scheme has released ₹3,563 crore since its inception in 2017, further driving development in these regions.
Significant Decline in Violence and Casualties
The implementation of the National Policy and Action Plan has led to a remarkable decline in LWE violence. Incidents peaked at 1,936 in 2010 but plummeted to just 374 in 2024, marking an 81% reduction. The number of fatalities, including both civilians and security personnel, has also decreased significantly from 1,005 deaths in 2010 to 150 in 2024, reflecting an 85% drop.
Over the past decade, the number of LWE incidents has decreased from 1,091 in 2014 to 374 in 2024, a reduction of 65.7%. The total deaths during this period have fallen by 52%, from 310 in 2014 to 150 in 2024. Additionally, the number of districts affected by LWE has decreased from 126 in 2018 to just 38 by April 2024, indicating a substantial improvement in the overall security situation.
These developments were highlighted by the Minister of State in the Ministry of Home Affairs, Shri Nityanand Rai, in a recent Lok Sabha session, underscoring the government’s commitment to addressing the LWE challenge effectively.
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