India Intensifies Efforts to Eliminate TB
The National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) is ramping up its initiatives to combat tuberculosis (TB) across India. Under the National Health Mission (NHM), the program focuses on early detection, effective management, and prevention of new TB cases. Recent measures include enhanced tracking of patients, the introduction of new treatment regimens, and a nationwide awareness campaign aimed at reducing stigma and promoting health-seeking behavior.
Comprehensive Patient Tracking and Support
The NTEP has implemented a robust tracking system for all TB patients through the Ni-kshay portal, ensuring that each individual receives continuous support throughout their treatment journey. This initiative is complemented by the monitoring of treatment adherence via Ayushman Arogya Mandir and local health workers, including Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs). These community health volunteers play a crucial role in linking patients with treatment supporters, who are incentivized to encourage adherence to prescribed regimens. Additionally, the program emphasizes Universal Drug Susceptibility Testing (UDST) to identify drug resistance at the time of diagnosis. This proactive approach ensures that all diagnosed TB patients receive appropriate treatment tailored to their specific needs. To facilitate decentralized care, 826 Drug Resistant TB treatment centers have been established across various districts, making it easier for patients to access necessary services.
Innovative Treatment Regimens Introduced
In a significant advancement, the NTEP introduced a shorter, safer, all-oral treatment regimen for drug-resistant TB in 2021. This initiative has improved treatment outcomes and reduced the burden on patients. Looking ahead, a new four-drug combination regimen—Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, Linezolid, and Moxifloxacin—will be rolled out in 2024. This regimen promises to be more effective and shorter in duration, further enhancing the management of drug-resistant TB cases. These innovations reflect the government’s commitment to providing effective treatment options and improving patient outcomes in the fight against TB.
Awareness Campaigns and Community Involvement
To bolster TB awareness, the government has launched a 100-day intensified TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyan, targeting 347 priority districts across 33 states and union territories. This initiative involves collaboration with local non-governmental organizations and community groups to raise awareness about TB, combat stigma, and encourage early health-seeking behavior among citizens. The campaign includes activities involving elected representatives, schools, panchayati raj institutions, self-help groups, and anganwadis. By fostering community engagement, the government aims to create a supportive environment for TB patients and promote a collective effort to eliminate the disease.
Enhanced Diagnostic Resources
To improve diagnostic capabilities in high-burden areas, the government has approved the procurement of hand-held X-ray machines for central supplies. This initiative is part of a broader strategy to enhance the availability of diagnostic resources in states and union territories, ensuring that healthcare providers can effectively identify and manage TB cases. These efforts underscore the government’s dedication to addressing the TB epidemic and achieving Sustainable Development Goals related to health. The Union Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Smt. Anupriya Patel, highlighted these initiatives in a recent written reply in the Rajya Sabha, reaffirming the commitment to a TB-free India.
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