Image Courtesy: Google Doodle
Eiji Tsuburaya (7 July 1901 – 25 January 1970) was a Japanese special effects director, filmmaker, and cinematographer. A co-creator of the Godzilla and Ultraman franchises, he is considered one of the most important and influential figures in the history of cinema. Known as the “Father of Tokusatsu”.
Early Life And Education
Eiji Tsuburaya, born Eiichi Tsumuraya on July 7, 1901, in Sukagawa, Fukushima, Japan, is renowned as the “Father of Tokusatsu” for his pioneering work in special effects. After his mother passed away when he was just three, he was primarily raised by his grandmother and uncle. Tsuburaya developed an early interest in film after seeing documentary footage of a volcanic eruption in 1911. He initially pursued a passion for aviation, enrolling in the Nippon Flying School in 1916, but the school closed following a fatal accident. He later attended Tokyo Kanda Electrical Engineering School, which set the stage for his illustrious career in filmmaking and special effects.
Career And Achievements
Eiji Tsuburaya career began in 1919 when he joined the film industry as an assistant cameraman. Tsuburaya’s fascination with special effects was sparked by the 1933 film “King Kong,” which inspired him to innovate in the field. In 1937, Tsuburaya joined Toho Studios, where he established the company’s special effects department. His work on “The War at Sea from Hawaii to Malaya” (1942) earned him significant acclaim, making it the highest-grossing Japanese film at the time. However, his most notable achievement came in 1954 with the creation of the special effects for the iconic film “Godzilla.” This film not only brought him international recognition but also won him his first Japan Technical Award for Special Skill.
Throughout his career, Tsuburaya worked on approximately 250 films, collaborating with renowned directors like Ishirō Honda, Hiroshi Inagaki, and Akira Kurosawa. He received six Japan Technical Awards for his contributions to the film industry. In 1963, he founded Tsuburaya Productions, which produced the beloved “Ultraman” series, further cementing his legacy in the world of special effects and science fiction. Tsuburaya’s innovative techniques, such as the use of miniatures and rear projection, revolutionized the industry and continue to influence filmmakers today. His dedication to creating captivating and realistic special effects has left an indelible mark on cinema, making him a legendary figure in the history of film.
Notable Events And Milestones
Eiji Tsuburaya significant milestones in his life include his early career as an assistant cinematographer, his creation of the first iron shooting crane in 1934, and his influential work on the film “Princess Kaguya” in 1935, which was one of Japan’s first major films to incorporate special effects. Tsuburaya’s most notable achievements came with his co-creation of the Godzilla franchise in 1954 and the Ultraman series in 1966, both of which became cultural icons. Tsuburaya’s lasting impact on history is profound. He revolutionized the film industry with his innovative special effects techniques, such as suitmation, which involved actors wearing monster suits. This technique became a hallmark of the kaiju genre and influenced countless filmmakers worldwide. His work not only entertained but also inspired a sense of wonder and imagination, contributing significantly to the global popularity of Japanese pop culture. Tsuburaya’s legacy continues through Tsuburaya Productions, which remains a leading force in the tokusatsu genre, ensuring that his creative spirit and technological advancements endure. Eiji Tsuburaya passed away on January 25, 1970, in Sukagawa, Japan, at the age of 68. He left behind a lasting legacy in the field of special effects and filmmaking.
Awards And Honors
Eiji Tsuburaya, a pioneering figure in the world of special effects, received numerous awards and honors throughout his illustrious career. Some of the most notable include:
- **Japan Technical Awards**: He earned six of these awards for his groundbreaking work in special effects.
- **Honorary Chairman Award**: Posthumously awarded by the Japanese Society of Cinematographers.
- **Order of the Sacred Treasure**: Bestowed by Emperor Hirohito, recognizing his significant contributions to Japanese cinema.
- On 7 July 2015, Google celebrated Eiji Tsuburaya’s 114th Birthday with a doodle.
These accolades highlight Tsuburaya’s immense impact on the film industry, particularly in the realm of special effects.
Additional Resources
To dive deeper into the life and work of Eiji Tsuburaya, the “God of Special Effects,” here are some excellent resources:
Books
- **”Eiji Tsuburaya: Master of Monsters”** by August Ragone
This biography provides a detailed look at Tsuburaya’s life and career, featuring numerous film stills, posters, concept art, and behind-the-scenes photos.
Documentaries
- **”Bringing Godzilla Down to Size: The Art of Japanese Special Effects”**
This documentary explores the history and techniques of Japanese special effects, with a focus on Tsuburaya’s contributions to the genre.
Museums
- **Tsuburaya Eiji Museum**
Located in Sukagawa, Fukushima, Japan, this museum is dedicated to Tsuburaya’s legacy. It features exhibits on his life, including a replica of the first Godzilla suit, a miniature Toho Productions special effects studio, and various interactive displays.
These resources offer a comprehensive view of Tsuburaya’s impact on the world of special effects and his enduring legacy in film and television.
