Image Courtesy: Google Doodle
Josephine Baker (3 June 1906 – 12 April 1975) naturalized as Joséphine Baker, was an American-born French dancer, singer, and actress.
Life and Career
Josephine Baker was born on June 3, 1906v, in St. Louis, Missouri, in the United States. She faced poverty and discrimination as a young African American girl. At the age of 13, she dropped out of school and began working various jobs to support herself.
Baker’s career began in the United States, where she gained popularity as a dancer and singer. However, she faced limited opportunities due to racial segregation, which led her to move to Paris, France, in 1925.
In Paris, Baker became an instant sensation at the Folies Bergère, a famous cabaret venue. She captivated audiences with her sensual dancing, exotic costumes, and comedic acts. Baker’s performances were known for their energetic and provocative nature.
Her fame skyrocketed, and she became one of the most celebrated performers of her time. She also starred in movies, such as “Zouzou” (1934) and “Princess Tam-Tam” (1935), making her the first black woman to star in a major motion picture.
Josephine Baker was not only an entertainer but also a passionate advocate for civil rights. She actively fought against racism and segregation throughout her life. During World War II, Baker joined the French Resistance and worked as a spy for the French government.
In the 1950s and 1960s, she supported the American Civil Rights Movement and refused to perform for segregated audiences in the United States. Baker participated in the 1963 March on Washington, where she was the only official female speaker.
Josephine Baker passed away on April 12, 1975, at the age of 68. She suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and fell into a coma, eventually succumbing to her illness.
Award and Legacy
Josephine Baker received several honors and awards throughout her career. Baker was awarded the Legion of Honor, France’s highest civilian award, in 1963. She was the first black American woman to receive this honor. Baker was awarded the Kennedy Center Honors in 1983. This award is presented to artists who have made significant contributions to American culture.
Baker’s legacy as a cultural icon and trailblazer is profound. She broke racial barriers in the entertainment industry, challenged societal norms, and used her platform to fight for equality. Her influence can still be felt today, particularly in the realm of performance art and civil rights activism. Josephine Baker continues to be an inspiration for artists, activists, and individuals who value freedom, equality, and the pursuit of justice.
On 3 June 2017, Google celebrated Josephine Baker’s 111th Birthday with a doodle.